US History - Case Study: Source Use & Citation

1. From analyzing Bess' work with his sources, what standards or rules does he seem to be following for citing his work? What information is provided the first or second or third (etc.,) time a source is noted?

When Bess first cites another work, he cites the author's name first, then the title of the work, then the publisher, and then the page number. When he cites the same work again, he only uses the author name, title, and page number if applicable. Then the third time, he uses the word ibid, which means in the same source, and the page number.

2. Bess's work provides us with example of "annotated" notes. (Examples: 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 25). Based on these examples, what do you understand annotated to mean?

Based on these examples, Bess gives his opinion and further information so that in the actual reading he doesn't lose the reader and can focus on explaining the experiment literally.

3. Which notes do NOT have a page number citation? Why might that be? There is more than one explanation. In other words, if we lost the notes pages and the bibliography, why would we still know which sources Bess was using? What would we NOT know about his use of the source, if we didn't have the notes pages?

The notes that don't have a page number citation are pages, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 24, 25. The reason why Bess doesn't put the page numbers because instead of getting an idea from a page he states the general idea throughout the book. We would know the sources he was using because he states the author name, the title, and publisher. We would not know about his use of source in some cases because he says ibid and if the notes page was lost then we wouldn't know which source he was talking about.

4. How did Bess credit his sources in the text to make it obvious when he is working with the words of other authors? In other words, if we lost the notes pages and the bibliography, why would we still know which sources Bess was using? What would we NOT know about his use of the source, if we didn't have the notes pages?

When Bess was quoting other authors, he says, for example in note 1, "Quoted in Christopher Browning, Ordinary Men: Reserve Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (HarperCollins, 1992), 73. He uses the word quoted before the author, title, and page number so we know that he is quoting directly from the text and where to find it. If we lost the notes pages we would still know which source he is using because he puts quotes around the author and the title which helps us know that the quote is from someone or something else. If we didn't have the notes pages, we would still know that the quote if from someone else but not know who or where it came from.

5. In the passage you read, Bess is working with many primary and secondary sources, but makes extensive use of one in particular. Given how extensively he is using the work of other historians or researchers, what makes his argument original?

Bess uses Browning's source a lot but he doesn't overload with quotes from Browning's source. Bess states his own opinion about it which makes it more original. If Bess had only put quotes and not his opinion, his writing would not be original and be more of a restatement of Browning's work.

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